Who is Leonardo Da Vinci?
Before we talk about Leonardo Da Vinci’s inventions, we should get to know the famous artist. Da Vinci is the son of a Florentine notary and a young peasant.. He was born in 1452 in Vinci, Tuscany. Little is known about the famous artist’s childhood, but his artistic talent was evident at an early age.. It was discovered at the age of 14 by Andrea del Verrocchio, a painter and sculptor in one of the well-known Florence workshops of the time.
In 1482, an artist in his own right, Da Vinci moved from Florence to Milan in search of new work. There he began working as a military engineer for Ludovico Sforza, Duke of Milan, who designed many of his famous war inventions. During his time in the city, Da Vinci created one of his most famous works, The Last Supper.
Da Vinci wrote in a notebook; He spent 17 years recording his new discoveries, scientific and anatomical observations, and works in the field of sculpture.. This notebook he records will be very helpful for the next generation about the inventions of Leonardo Da Vinci. But in 1499, after the French Invasion, he ended his business with Sforza, and da Vinci traveled for several years in Italy working on various projects. It is known that among these projects is the Mona Lisa (1510), a painting believed to have begun in 1503.
Da Vinci spent his last years at the Château du Clos Lucé in the employment of the French king, François I.. The famous artist died on May 2, 1519, at the age of 67.
After his death, Da Vinci’s unpublished works, full of ideas and observations, were first neglected and then dispersed, many pages lost forever. However, 20. In the 19th century, scientists and restorers tried to find out which texts survived and began to interpret the recovered pages.. Thanks to them, we can appreciate the activity of one of the most extraordinary minds the world has ever known..
Leonardo Da Vinci’s inquiring mind and search for answers led to groundbreaking discoveries in engineering, science, anatomy and industry centuries before these ideas were widely accepted and put into practice.. These discoveries are seen as an important resource for today’s technology.
Inventions of Leonardo Da Vinci
Human Anatomy
During his career in Da Vinci Vinci strove for accuracy in his anatomical drawings. Most of these are based on live subjects. Da Vinci purchased a human skull in 1489 and used it as a subject in his studies..
However, Da Vinci’s dissections were performed at the Santa Maria Nuova Hospital in Florence.
Da Vinci perceived the functioning of the human body as a perfect reflection of engineering. In 1508, he conducted studies on hydrodynamics, the aortic valve and blood flow to the heart. He made wax figures to observe the workings of the aorta.. He recorded experiments with running water, using grass seeds to monitor blood flow. Through these experiments, he observed that a heart’s open valve opening is triangular and that the heart has four chambers.
Study of Optics
Da Vinci’s notebook, important optics His work includes writings on vision, including theories about shadow, light, and color.. Da Vinci considers the eye to be the most important of the sense organs.. He describes the eye as the “window of the soul”. Thanks to today’s technology, it is known how the eye works, but in the artist’s time the work of vision was a mystery.. The famous artist thought of tearing the eye apart to solve this mystery.. But tearing the eye is very difficult. When cut, it collapses and the lens takes on a more spherical shape.
Da Vinci unknowingly cut the lens of the eye, breaking the structure of the eye and boiling the eye samples. After close examination, he concluded that the eye is a geometric body containing two concentric spheres: the outer “albuginous sphere” and the inner “vitreous” or “crystalline sphere”. It has been observed that there is a gateway to the optic nerve at the back of the eye, where all sensory information is blended, and images are sent to the impregnant in the brain.
Leonardo Da Vinci’s observations on eye studies, 17. It preceded Johannes Kepler’s fundamental work in the 19th century on the human retina, the internal structure of convex and concave lenses, light, and other aspects of astronomy.. Like Kepler a century later, da Vinci was fascinated by the findings he obtained from observing celestial bodies. “The moon is not luminous in itself. Doesn’t shine without the sun. He wrote the sentence ” in his notes. In his notes, he includes a reminder to himself to build glasses to see the moon magnified. Although he never built the Da Vinci telescope, he considered the idea of the telescope.
Flight Tools
Da Vinci is an engineer who is fascinated by the concept of flight. If he could fully understand how birds fly, he could use this knowledge to build a machine that allows humans to fly into the sky. He tried to combine the potential of the human body with natural flight.
In his notes, Da Vinci describes the flying machines he designed as “big birds”.. Based on this description, it is understood that he chose kites and other birds as models. He attempted to implement the idea of manned flight as early as 1478 and did a lot of work on bird flight.. He investigated the mechanism of bird flight in detail.. In line with these researches, he invented many machines classified as flying vehicles.
Parachute
The original design was drawn by Da Vinci in a notebook in 1483.. The accompanying note reads: “If a man is provided with a 12-meter-long and 12-meter-high gummy linen fabric on each side, he can descend from any height without injury.. ”
However, in 2000, British Skydiver Adrian Nicholas jumped with a parachute built according to Da Vinci’s drawings, proving that the famous artist’s sketch worked. Thus, we understand that Leonardo Da Vinci’s inventions are ahead of the curve.
Air Screw
Leonardo drew detailed drawings around 1481 for a water lifting device using Archimedes screw.. Knowing the effect of screw in moving fluids and that air behaves as a light fluid, he presented what we can describe today as a machine designed to work like a helicopter in 1489.. Da Vinci developed the air screw using the Archimedean screw principle in the vertical direction.. This is a helical rotor about four meters in diameter.. Rotor is the name given to the rotating part of the machine.. He suggested that the screw should be made with a reed frame enclosing the linen cover supported by wires.. In his notes, he explains that the machine will work like a screw piercing the air, causing lift when it rotates.
Ornithopter
Ornithopter is the name given to aircraft that fly with flapping wings. Birds are the inspiration, as can be seen from their wings.. This invention, also known from the Assassin’s Creed game today, originates from Da Vinci.
Da Vinci took his inspiration from the flying machine known as the ‘Ornithopter’ from bats and birds. Da Vinci designed a machine in which the pilot lay in the center and pedaled a crank attached to a rod and pulley system to move the machine. After meeting the air, the wings are designed to flap just like a bird. Unfortunately, the tools to bring the apparatus into flight were not available at the time, and the machine’s flight days were not very bright.
Humanoid Robot
Leonardo’s human anatomy His work led to the design of one of the first humanoid robots known in history. Da Vinci designed the robot full of gears, wheels and cables for a competition in Milan. The robot, clad in German-Italian medieval armor, is believed to have been built around 1495 and presented at a celebration hosted by the Duke of Milan..
According to Da Vinci’s drawings, some of which have never been found, the robotic knight can stand, sit, raise his visor, open and close his mouth, and independently maneuver his arms. The entire robotic system was driven by a series of pulleys, cables, internal gears, and hand cranks.. As a result of these studies, he re-created his futuristic vision.. The final product, completed in 2002, was able to walk and wave. Rosheim used this as inspiration for his robotic designs for NASA. It is believed that the inspiration for the technological robots used in every field today is the drawings of Da Vinci.